POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN SPICES COMMONLY CONSUMED IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA AND INVESTIGATION OF THEIR ADVERSE EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH VIA CONSUMPTION OF THE SPICES

Authors

  • O.E. Ididama
  • G.O. Tesi
  • D. Okoro
  • O. Efekemo
  • J.C. Ossai

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4314/jcsn.v50i5.16

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in spices commonly consumed in south-south, Nigeria in order to provide data on their occurrence, distribution pattern health effects. A total of fifty-two (52) commonly consumed spices were collected from retailers in different markets from south-south, Nigeria. The PAHs in the spices were extracted by ultrasonication using dichloromethane/n-hexane and a gas chromatograph coupled with mass spectrometry was used to quantify the content of 16 PAHs in the extracts. The concentration of ?16 PAHs in the spices ranged from 0.6 to 36.4 mg kg-1. The obtained BaP and PAH4 concentrations were below the recommended maximum levels set by the European Commission. The compositional pattern of PAHs in the spices was in the order: 3-> 4-> 5-> 6-> 2-rings. The risk assessment indicated that there is no health risks associated with the intakes of these spices.

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Published

2025-10-31

How to Cite

Ididama, O., Tesi, G. ., Okoro, D. ., Efekemo, . O., & Ossai, J. . (2025). POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN SPICES COMMONLY CONSUMED IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA AND INVESTIGATION OF THEIR ADVERSE EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH VIA CONSUMPTION OF THE SPICES. Journal of Chemical Society of Nigeria, 50(5). https://doi.org/10.4314/jcsn.v50i5.16

Issue

Vol. 50 No. 5 (2025): J. Chem. Soc. Nigeria

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2025 O.E. Ididama, G.O. Tesi, D. Okoro, O. Efekemo, J.C. Ossai

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